or (b) to avoid a bad health state or outcome, or to decrease its probability of occurrence.»

devices equipment and supplies


willingness to pay (WTP)

(Related concept: standardised mean difference) In a meta-analysis, when study results measured using the same scale are being combined, the difference between two means, weighted by the precision of the study. Note: The precision of the study’s estimate of effect may, for example, correspond to the inverse of the variance.